The reasons for the failure of gantry cranes are relatively complex. If a crane malfunctions, it is difficult to solve these malfunctions. At the same time, these malfunctions will not only cause damage to the entire machine, but may also pose a certain threat to human life safety.

Gantry crane is a variant of bridge crane, also called gantry crane. It is mainly used for loading and unloading operations in outdoor cargo yards, material yards, and bulk cargoes.

The single beam gantry crane is mainly composed of a bridge (main beam), four outriggers, lower beam, cart drive device, electrical control, electric hoist, etc. The bridge frame (main beam) of a single-beam gantry crane is generally a box-shaped structure welded by steel plates. The bottom of the main beam is equipped with an I-beam track for electric hoist operation. It can also be used for the main beam of large-span gantry cranes working outdoors. The truss structure formed by welding of section steel has strong stiffness (especially the horizontal stiffness), light weight, small windward area, and has high economic benefits. However, the production and welding of this structure is more complicated and difficult than the box-shaped structure.

The operation of road and bridge gantry cranes is an important aspect that users need to control. The quality of its operation will directly affect whether the operation can be stopped smoothly.

Gantry cranes are important equipment in the construction process of roads and bridges and are widely used in hoisting large heavy objects such as formwork and beams.

An indoor gantry crane is a bridge-type crane in which the bridge is supported on the ground track by legs on both sides. Structurally, it consists of a mast, a trolley operating mechanism, a lifting trolley and electrical parts. Some gantry cranes only have outriggers on one side, and the other side is supported on the factory building or trestle, which is called a semi-gantry crane. The gantry crane is composed of the upper bridge frame (including main beam and end beam), outriggers, lower beam and other parts. In order to expand the operating range of the crane, the main beam can extend beyond the outriggers to one or both sides to form a cantilever. A lifting trolley with a boom can also be used to expand the crane's operating range through the pitching and rotation of the boom. Gantry cranes can be classified according to the structure of the door frame, the form of the main beam, the structure of the main beam, and the form of use.